This is your ocean on acid

SUBHEAD: More than 40 percent of the world’s oceans are heavily impacted by human activities with few areas left unaffected.

By Mickey Zezima on 3 November 2014 for World News Trust -
(http://worldnewstrust.com/this-is-your-ocean-on-acid-mickey-z)


Image above: Coral reefs are severely threatened by processes such as ocean acidification: A, "Healthy" coral reef with living Acropora palmata and good water quality. B, Degraded coral reef with dead A. palmata and poor water quality. IB note: Kauai reefa looks more like B than A. From (http://soundwaves.usgs.gov/2009/11/).

“I don’t know how to save the world. I don’t have the answers or The Answer. I hold no secret knowledge as to how to fix the mistakes of generations past and present. I only know that without compassion and respect for all of Earth’s inhabitants, none of us will survive -- nor will we deserve to.”

- Leonard Peltier

The oceans aren’t dying. The oceans are being killed.

[IB Publisher's note: And we're not even talking about the effects of three nuclear cores melting into the ocean in Fukushima, Japan, everyday for the rest of our lives.]

More than 40 percent of the world’s oceans are heavily impacted by human activities with few areas -- if any -- left unaffected by anthropogenic factors. This means we humans (and what we deem civilization) have played a primary role in the despoiling of the waters of the earth.

The relentless quest for profit, however, has distracted us from the plight of the deep blue sea and how it impacts all forms of life.

It’s not some unstoppable force of nature or preordained theology. Human decisions have led us to where we are now and new human decisions are immediately needed to forge a more logical and compassionate path.

Why not start this urgent turnaround with the oceans? After all, it’s where 80 percent of all life on earth is found and where over half our oxygen is created.

To follow is a tiny sampling of what human culture has done and is doing to our beautiful -- and essential -- oceans.

Acid Trip

We can begin this discussion with the ever-increasing ocean acidification. The carbon dioxide (CO2) that results from the burning of fossil fuels dissolves in the ocean and decreases the pH.

Consider this:

• Roughly 25 percent of all CO2 emissions are absorbed by oceans
• Before humans began burning coal and oil, ocean pH had been relatively stable for 20 million years
• During the last 250 years, oceans have absorbed 530 billion tons of CO2, which has resulted in a 30 percent in ocean acidity

The myriad deleterious impacts of acidification include the reduction of a mineral called carbonate, which forms the shells and skeletons of many shellfish and corals. As pH levels drop, shells literally dissolve. This effect also slows the building of coral reefs and some believe the tipping point for such reefs could be less then 40 years away.

Often called “rain forests of the sea,” coral reefs are home to a quarter of all marine fish species and their presence buttresses coastal regions from strong waves and storms.

This is Your Ocean on Capitalism
The ocean life that’s still somehow able to manage the increasing acidity are not exactly in the clear -- thanks, for example, to bottom trawling. This is the highly non-selective fishing method of dragging immense nets along the ocean floor. Think of it as the sea-based version of forest clear cutting. Arguably the single most destructive human action for the world’s oceans, trawling often leaves a trail that can be seen from space.

Ocean trawling is a major component in overfishing (or more accurately: “fishing”). Since large-scale industrial fishing methods was introduced in the 1950s, 93 percent of the large fish -- e.g. tuna, swordfish, marlin, cod, halibut, skate, and flounder -- are gone.

In addition, estimates range as high as 50 to 100 million sharks killed each year -- sometimes as unintended “bycatch,” other times more specifically when untold millions of sharks are targeted  for their fins.

This practice involves catching sharks, cutting off their fins while they are alive, and tossing the maimed fish back into the ocean. The fins are dried and used in shark fin soup. To make this even more despicable, the shark fins don’t add flavor to the soup. They are added solely for texture.

More than 200 million years before the dinosaurs, there were sharks. Do we really want to be part of the species that wiped them out?

Big Picture
Another ecocidal human decision is offshore drilling. Over its lifetime, a single oil rig can:

• Dump more than 90,000 metric tons of drilling fluid and metal cuttings into the ocean
• Drill between 50-100 wells, each dumping 25,000 pounds of toxic metals, such as lead, chromium, and mercury, and potent carcinogens like toluene, benzene, and xylene into the ocean
• Pollute the air as much as 7,000 cars driving 50 miles a day Other ocean-killing realities to consider include oil spills and slicks, beach erosion, the fact that the world’s largest landfill happens to be floating in the Pacific Ocean, etc. etc. etc.

We urgently need to make these big picture connections in our minds and in our activism. While each of us can play a role in a wide range of crucial issues, we must never lose sight of how it all comes together. Without functioning oceans, a functioning eco-system cannot exist. Without a functioning eco-system, all other efforts are pointless.

So yeah, it’d be great if corporations paid more taxes or if single-payer health care were enacted but such changes would ultimately fall into the proverbial Titanic/deck chair category if our oceans are not restored and respected -- now.

• Mickey Zezima is the author of 12 books, most recently
 Occupy this Book: Mickey Z. on Activism. Until the laws are changed or the power runs out, he can be found on the Web here. Anyone wishing to support his activist efforts can do so by making a donation here.
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